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<small><time class="date dt-published" datetime="2022-10-08T00:00:00+08:00">8 October 2022</time> - 字数统计：1699 - 阅读大约需要6分钟 - Hits: <span id="/2022/10/08/tinyaes.html" class="visitors">Loading...</span></small>
<h1 class="p-name">用Python写一个超简单的加密程序</h1>
<p class="view">by <a class="p-author h-card" href="//github.com/Mabbs">mayx</a></p>
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<b>AI摘要</b>
<p id="ai-output">这篇文章介绍了一种使用Python编写的简单加密程序，作者发现TinyAES库非常适合对数据进行AES-128-CTR加密，因为其加密和解密方法一致，使用起来非常直观。作者通过导入MD5哈希来处理非16位长度的密码，然后举例编写了一个加密脚本，用户只需提供文件路径和密钥即可执行加密或解密。这种库相比于复杂的加密库（如pycryptodome或cryptography），被作者认为更符合Python的简洁性和易用性。</p>
<hr />
<ul><li><a href="#起因">起因</a></li><li><a href="#探索">探索</a></li><li><a href="#使用方法">使用方法</a></li><li><a href="#示例">示例</a></li><li><a href="#感想">感想</a></li></ul>
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<main class="post-content e-content" role="main"><p>有些冷门的库也许更容易解决问题<!--more--></p>
<h1 id="起因">
<a href="#起因"><svg class='octicon' viewBox='0 0 16 16' version='1.1' width='16' height='32' aria-hidden='true'><path fill-rule='evenodd' d='M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z'></path></svg></a> 起因
</h1>
<p>最近在写Python脚本的时候遇到一个问题，就是怎么样轻松的加密一串字符。在网上随便一搜大都是介绍的使用比如pycryptodome或者cryptography库进行加密，我以前写的一个<a href="/2020/06/13/encrypt.html">加密传输Demo</a>作业的时候就用过。不过现在总感觉看着很难受，倒不是说有多复杂，主要是这些库的算法太多了，什么AES，RSA啥的都有，而且还有一堆乱七八糟的参数，我用的时候还要去思考到底用哪个算法比较好，还要考虑有些有什么向量之类乱七八糟的。但是很多时候我只是单纯要个加密，不想去考虑这些乱七八糟的东西，那我应该怎么做比较好呢？</p>
<h1 id="探索">
<a href="#探索"><svg class='octicon' viewBox='0 0 16 16' version='1.1' width='16' height='32' aria-hidden='true'><path fill-rule='evenodd' d='M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z'></path></svg></a> 探索
</h1>
<p>这时候我想起来我以前用的Pyinstaller库如果想要使用Key参数的时候会要求安装一个叫做<a href="https://pypi.org/project/tinyaes/">tinyaes</a>的库，我搜了一下这个库，网上几乎没有对这个库的介绍，没办法就只好去Github找找它<a href="https://github.com/naufraghi/tinyaes-py">源代码的仓库</a>。去看了一眼说了跟没说一样，就几句话连个示例也没有的……不过大概意思就是C也有个叫<a href="https://github.com/kokke/tiny-AES-c">tiny-AES-c</a>的库，它是在Python上对这个库做的一个简单的包装，但那个仓库里面也没有示例😂……还好tinyaes仓库里面有个测试脚本，我看了一眼又回去看了看C的库那个文档，结合“Same function for encrypting as for decrypting in CTR mode”这句话我才明白，这个tinyaes原来就用一个方法就能进行加解密了！怪不得叫“xcrypt”，就像xor加密那样，用同样的方法就可以做到加密和解密，这个仓库加密的算法是AES-128-CTR，这样我也不用费心考虑到底选什么加密算法了，使用也非常简单，非常的符合我的需求啊，可惜就是这个库不怎么出名，100个⭐都不到。</p>
<h1 id="使用方法">
<a href="#使用方法"><svg class='octicon' viewBox='0 0 16 16' version='1.1' width='16' height='32' aria-hidden='true'><path fill-rule='evenodd' d='M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z'></path></svg></a> 使用方法
</h1>
<p>tinyaes的使用方法非常简单，一句话就可以搞定，而且加密和解密的代码完全一致：</p>
<div class="language-python highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nb">__import__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"tinyaes"</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">AES</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">b</span><span class="s">"十六位的密码"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="sa">b</span><span class="s">"十六位的向量，可以不要"</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">CTR_xcrypt_buffer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">b</span><span class="s">"需要加密/解密的内容"</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>使用起来非常的简单啊，就是密码要求必须是16位的……那我要是想要一个随意位数的密码怎么办呢？我想起来MD5的hash长度好像就是16位的，所以如果想要其他位数的密码就用MD5哈希之后再用吧。</p>
<h1 id="示例">
<a href="#示例"><svg class='octicon' viewBox='0 0 16 16' version='1.1' width='16' height='32' aria-hidden='true'><path fill-rule='evenodd' d='M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z'></path></svg></a> 示例
</h1>
<p>既然使用方法如此简单，我估摸了一下，如果写一个加密文件的小程序估计用不了10行，用其他的加密库我估计应该做不到吧，所以说就随手写了一个试试看，果然不到10行就写了出来，看起来非常不错。</p>
<div class="language-python highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">hashlib</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">tinyaes</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">sys</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sys</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">argv</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nb">exit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">f</span><span class="s">"Usage: </span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">sys</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">argv</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s"> [filepath] [key]"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">key</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tinyaes</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">AES</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hashlib</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">md5</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sys</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">argv</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">encode</span><span class="p">()).</span><span class="n">digest</span><span class="p">())</span>
<span class="k">with</span> <span class="nb">open</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sys</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">argv</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="s">'rb'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">orig</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">with</span> <span class="nb">open</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sys</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">argv</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="s">".xc"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'wb'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">enc</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">byte_block</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">iter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">lambda</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">orig</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">read</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4096</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="sa">b</span><span class="s">''</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">enc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">write</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">CTR_xcrypt_buffer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">byte_block</span><span class="p">))</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>用法很简单，比如我给这个脚本起名叫“encrypt_file.py”，我想加密就可以直接输入<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">python3 encrypt_file.py 要加密的文件.txt 密码</code>就可以了，执行完之后会生成一个“.xc”为后缀的文件，解密也一样，输入<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">python3 encrypt_file.py 要加密的文件.txt.xc 密码</code>就OK了，不过因为我这个程序并不能判断一个文件有没有加密，所以解密的时候就会给后缀再加一个“.xc”，这时候就只能手动把它去掉了。如果密码不正确，那就相当于二次加密了，解密就要按顺序依次反过来执行，很有意思。</p>
<h1 id="感想">
<a href="#感想"><svg class='octicon' viewBox='0 0 16 16' version='1.1' width='16' height='32' aria-hidden='true'><path fill-rule='evenodd' d='M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z'></path></svg></a> 感想
</h1>
<p>这样的库我感觉更符合Pythonic，用什么pycryptodome或者cryptography库写的就感觉像是Java程序那样臃肿，这种程序感觉就很直观，不用考虑那么多奇怪的东西。</p></main>
<small style="display: block">tags: <a rel="category tag" class="p-category" href="/search.html?keyword=Python"><em>Python</em></a> - <a rel="category tag" class="p-category" href="/search.html?keyword=%E5%8A%A0%E5%AF%86"><em>加密</em></a> <span style="float: right;"><a href="https://gitlab.com/mayx/mayx.gitlab.io/tree/master/_posts/2022-10-08-tinyaes.md">查看原始文件</a></span></small>
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