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<small><time class="date dt-published" datetime="2019-09-28T00:00:00+08:00">28 September 2019</time> - 字数统计：1364 - 阅读大约需要5分钟 - Hits: <span id="/2019/09/28/python.html" class="visitors">Loading...</span></small>
<h1 class="p-name">Python学习笔记 - Turtle</h1>
<p class="view">by <a class="p-author h-card" href="//github.com/Mabbs">mayx</a></p>
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这是一篇创建于 <span id="outime"></span> 天前的文章，其中的信息可能已经有所发展或是发生改变。
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<b>AI摘要</b>
<p id="ai-output">这篇文章讲述了作者学习Python过程中，接触到Turtle库的经历。Turtle库被老师用于教授类似Logo语言的基础图形操作，包括画心形和正方形。作者最初通过循环和基本指令完成作业，然后发现Turtle其实有更高级的函数如circle可以画正多边形，这让他感到惊讶。他在尝试画心形时，运用三角函数实现了一个自己的版本，虽然结果不太理想。最后，作者意识到在面对新事物时，查阅文档的重要性，因为他看到别人写出的更简洁、美观的心形代码后感到自闭。</p>
<hr />
<ul><li><a href="#第一课turtle">第一课！Turtle</a></li><li><a href="#总结">总结</a></li></ul>
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<main class="post-content e-content" role="main"><p>没想到我终有一天也得学Python了……<!--more--></p>
<h1 id="第一课turtle">
<a href="#第一课turtle"><svg class='octicon' viewBox='0 0 16 16' version='1.1' width='16' height='32' aria-hidden='true'><path fill-rule='evenodd' d='M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z'></path></svg></a> 第一课！Turtle
</h1>
<p>我以为我们老师会从Python的基本语法开始教起，不过事实证明我想错了，我们老师打算把我们当做小学生看，然后教 <del>Logo语言</del> 类似Logo语言的Python库，Turtle。 </p><p>
Turtle貌似是基于Tkinter的库，Ubuntu上带的Python默认没有装Tkinter，结果我还得自己装一下…… </p><p>
老师给我们布置了两个作业，一个是画一个心形，另外是画一个正方形。在开始之前，我也想的这个库就是个Logo语言，也没想着在网上看看这个东西支持什么方法，画正方形也很简单，就是向前向左……执行4遍。很快，我就用循环写出了这个东西：</p>
<div class="language-python highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">turtle</span>
<span class="n">i</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span>
<span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="mi">4</span> <span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">turtle</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">forward</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">50</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">turtle</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">90</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">i</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>看着这段代码，让我回想起了我的小学时光 <del>（一段不堪回首的往事23333）</del> 既然能画出正方形，那么圆也很简单了，我们可以把圆看成一个无限多边形，那么画圆我们可以这样：</p>
<div class="language-python highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">turtle</span>
<span class="n">i</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span>
<span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="mi">360</span> <span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">turtle</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">forward</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">turtle</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">i</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>画完圆之后我又打算画心形，不过老师布置的是在终端中显示心形，就像这样：</p>
<div class="language-python highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="k">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">""" ** **
* * *
* *
* *
*"""</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>不过这个感觉没什么意思，我想我可以试试在Turtle里画一个心形。在画之前，当然应该上网查一下Turtle还有什么用法，结果一查以后我就自闭了……画正多边形根本不用一步一步走，有一个叫做circle的方法可以直接实现，比如画正方形可以这样：</p>
<div class="language-python highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">turtle</span>
<span class="n">turtle</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">45</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">turtle</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">circle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">360</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>……这可真是令人难受……不管了，我先画个心形吧，我捡起了我曾经的三角函数的知识，算了一下我要转的角度和长度，最终写出了这样的东西：</p>
<div class="language-python highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">turtle</span>
<span class="n">turtle</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">color</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'red'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s">'red'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">turtle</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filling</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">turtle</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">begin_fill</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">turtle</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">90</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">turtle</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">circle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">50</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">180</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">180</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">turtle</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">turtle</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">forward</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">200</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">turtle</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">120</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">turtle</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">forward</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">200</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">turtle</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">turtle</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">circle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">50</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">180</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">180</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">turtle</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">end_fill</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="nb">input</span><span class="p">()</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>当然，我不知道心形的定义是什么，所以也不知道心形是怎么组成的，我想象的大概就是两个半圆和一对等腰拼出来的吧，不过最终画出来的心形是真的丑…… </p><p>
最后我在网上又查了一下其他人写的，然后继续自闭…… </p><p>
其他人的心形：</p>
<div class="language-python highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">turtle</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="o">*</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">curvemove</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">200</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">right</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">forward</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">color</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'red'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s">'pink'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">begin_fill</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">140</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">forward</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">111.65</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">curvemove</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">left</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">120</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">curvemove</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">forward</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">111.65</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">end_fill</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">done</span><span class="p">()</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<h1 id="总结">
<a href="#总结"><svg class='octicon' viewBox='0 0 16 16' version='1.1' width='16' height='32' aria-hidden='true'><path fill-rule='evenodd' d='M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z'></path></svg></a> 总结
</h1>
<p>虽然我不喜欢看文档，但是遇到新的东西还是查一下比较稳妥啊！</p></main>
<small style="display: block">tags: <a rel="category tag" class="p-category" href="/search.html?keyword=Python"><em>Python</em></a> - <a rel="category tag" class="p-category" href="/search.html?keyword=%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0%E7%AC%94%E8%AE%B0"><em>学习笔记</em></a> - <a rel="category tag" class="p-category" href="/search.html?keyword=Turtle"><em>Turtle</em></a> - <a rel="category tag" class="p-category" href="/search.html?keyword=Logo"><em>Logo</em></a> - <a rel="category tag" class="p-category" href="/search.html?keyword=Tkinter"><em>Tkinter</em></a> <span style="float: right;"><a href="https://gitlab.com/mayx/mayx.gitlab.io/tree/master/_posts/2019-09-28-python.md">查看原始文件</a></span></small>
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